Cet article documente la manière dont Heller a transformé son expertise économique en politique publique, et les leçons qu’il en a tirées sur les interactions entre experts et décideurs. Kennedy, de mettre en place une réduction d’impôts massive dans les années 1960.
L’un des exemples les plus donnés pour illustrer l’influence des économistes sur la politique publique est celui de Walter Heller, président du Council of Economic Advisors, qui réussit à convaincre J.F. I conclude that the institutional and personal context of the 1960s entailed a highly personalized vision of advising, at odd with the tool-based vision underlying the subsequent “economicization” of economic policy in the following decades. I then analyze how Heller “theorized” his and his colleagues’ practices in the late 1960s, in particular what stance he took on three contentious issues: the place of science and persuasion in advisers’ interaction with their publics, how much normative values are involved in advising, and whether advising should rely on a disciplinary consensus. The underlying emphasis, thus, is not just on how economic knowledge affects public reason, but also how public reason shapes economics science. I show that Heller considered himself as “an educator of presidents,” but that in educating, he was also led to commission some academic work that altered the science he was trying to disseminate. The paper first zooms onto the historical “footsteps” of Heller’s CEA tenure: his memos. The purpose of this paper is to reinvestigate how Heller channeled his expertise into policy, and what lessons he drew on how economists should engage with public reason. Walter Heller’s success in convincing JF Kennedy to pass a “tax cut” when he was chairman of the Council of Economic Advisors in the 1960s is often heralded as the poster child for economists’ policy influence, yet also sometimes seen as a lost golden age.